An electromagnet is a magnet that is created when electricity flows through a conductor. The magnetic field goes around the conductor. The typical way electromagnets are built is to wrap many coils of wire around a ferromagnetic core (almost always iron). Ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel or cobalt have the property of concentrating magnetic fields through them, making the field strength higher than without the core. When electricity passes through the coils of wire, a magnetic field develops around it, which is caught in the ferromagnetic core. The magnetic field goes through the core, out one end of the core and back in the other end . If a wire carrying an electric current is formed into a series of loops, the magnetic field can be concentrated within the loops. The magnetic field can be strengthened even more by wrapping the wire around a core. The atoms of certain materials, such as iron, nickel and cobalt, each behave like tiny magnets. Normally, the atoms in something like a lump of iron point in random directions and the individual magn......

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